Hello.
A question on the TOEIC test reads thus:
The hotel's quiet mountain setting provides a ________ change for visitors who live in a crowded city.
a) refreshing
b) refreshment
c) refreshed
d) refresh
The student chose letter C; The answer, of course, is A. The student wanted to know why, if letter C is also an adjective, it can't be used in this sentence. I couldn't think of a good enough reason.
Anyone?
Cheers.
A refreshing question
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marcchehab
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Re: A refreshing question
Hello
Yes, the difference between the two is that 'refreshing' is a 'present participle adjective', whereas 'refreshed' is a 'past participle adjective'.
I tell my students that -ing forms (present participle adjectives) are always in some way about an action ('What does it do?') and -ed (past participle adjectives) are always about the condition/state ('In what condition is it in?').
A few examples:
If an atmosphere is welcoming, the visitor feels welcomed.
A heart-breaking film has broken the now broken heart.
A pleasing result has pleased the now pleased parents.
The present perfects in the second and third sentence use the past participle as well of course.
Have fun!
Yes, the difference between the two is that 'refreshing' is a 'present participle adjective', whereas 'refreshed' is a 'past participle adjective'.
I tell my students that -ing forms (present participle adjectives) are always in some way about an action ('What does it do?') and -ed (past participle adjectives) are always about the condition/state ('In what condition is it in?').
A few examples:
If an atmosphere is welcoming, the visitor feels welcomed.
A heart-breaking film has broken the now broken heart.
A pleasing result has pleased the now pleased parents.
The present perfects in the second and third sentence use the past participle as well of course.
Have fun!
Re: A refreshing question
If you are interested in more on both the present and past participle you might like to the check the free, online ICAL Grammar Guide on the ICALwiki.