Often we need to add -ing or -ed to a verb to make other forms of the verb, for example: I was talking when John arrived.
Spelling Rule Just add -ing or -ed to the end of the base verb:
Exceptions
If the base verb ends in:
do this:
and add:
For example:
consonant + vowel + consonant
and a stressed syllable
double the final consonant
-ing
-ed
stop > stopping > stopped begin > beginning tap > tapping > tapped
But, for example: open > opening > opened (because no stress on last syllable of open)
consonant + -e
remove the -e
phone > phoning > phoned dance > dancing > danced make > making rake > raking > raked dye > dying > dyed
-ie
change the -ie to -y
lie > lying die > dying
nothing
-d
lie > lied die > died